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Built in Potential
The majority charge carriers in the N-type region, i.e., electrons can cross the junction so…
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PN Junction
The PN junction is fabricated by sticking both the P-type and N-type within the same…
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Current to Voltage Converter
An operational amplifier current-to-voltage converter, also known as a Trans-Impedance amplifier, is a circuit which…
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Anti-Logarithmic Amplifier or Exponential Amplifier
Anti-logarithmic or exponential amplifier (or simply antilog amplifier) is an op-amp circuit configuration, whose output…
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Operational Amplifier Applications
Op-amp Comparator A comparator, in electronics, is a circuit configuration that compares two voltages (or…
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Non-linear Op-Amp Circuits
Operational amplifiers, along with linear circuits, are also vastly used to configure non-linear circuits, i.e.…
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Operational Amplifier as Integrator
Operational amplifier can be configured to perform calculus operations such as differentiation and integration. In…
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Working of Instrumentation Amplifier:
The output stage of the instrumentation amplifier is a difference amplifier, whose output Vout is the…
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Instrumentation Amplifier Basics and Applications
Many industrial and consumer applications require the measurement and control of physical conditions. For example,…
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Differential Amplifier using Transistors
All op-amps consist of a differential amplifier at their input stage. If two different voltage…