To begin, we must first understand what sinusoidal signals are. Sinusoidal signals can be represented…

Figure One: Rectangular Notation Figure Two: Polar Notation Phasors provide a simple means of analysing…

Electrical Noise any unwanted form of energy tending to interfere with the proper and easy…

If a circuits contains only resistors possibly in a combination of parallel and series connections…

In this chapter, capacitors and inductors will be introduced (without considering the effects of AC…

There is a wide array of devices used to test and diagnose electronic equipment. This…

Superposition Principle (a) (B) (C) Figure 1: The circuits showing the linearity of resistors. Most…

Source Transformation Any linear time invariant network of impedances can be reduced to one equivalent…

Meshes A ’mesh’ (also called a loop) is simply a path through a circuit that…

Nodes A node is a section of a circuit which connects components to each other.…